![]() When the first group, the “dippers,” observed the second group, “the suckers,” what do you think happened? All of the “dippers” in the first group switched to sucking through the straws directly. The second group sucked through the straw directly, getting much more juice. The first group dipped the straw into the juice box, and then sucked on the small amount of juice at the end of the straw. For example, in a study of social learning in chimpanzees, researchers gave juice boxes with straws to two groups of captive chimpanzees. Humans and other animals are capable of observational learning. Research suggests that this imitative learning involves a specific type of neuron, called a mirror neuron (Hickock, 2010 Rizzolatti, Fadiga, Fogassi, & Gallese, 2002 Rizzolatti, Fogassi, & Gallese, 2006). For instance, have you ever gone to YouTube to find a video showing you how to do something? The individuals performing the imitated behavior are called models. In observational learning, we learn by watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say. ![]() Previous sections of this chapter focused on classical and operant conditioning, which are forms of associative learning. Explain the prosocial and antisocial effects of observational learning.Discuss the steps in the modeling process.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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